1. What is Charles's Law?

Charles's Law states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when pressure is held constant. It's one of the fundamental gas laws in chemistry and physics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Charles's Law equation:

Where:

• \( T_1 \) — Initial temperature (Kelvin)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (Liters)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (Liters)
• \( T_2 \) — Final temperature (Kelvin)

Explanation: The equation shows the direct proportionality between volume and temperature for an ideal gas at constant pressure.

3. Importance of Charles's Law

Details: Charles's Law is crucial for understanding gas behavior, designing engines, predicting weather balloon behavior, and many industrial applications involving gases.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in the correct units (temperature in Kelvin, volumes in Liters). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why must temperature be in Kelvin?
A: Kelvin is an absolute temperature scale where 0 K represents absolute zero, making it necessary for gas law calculations.

Q2: What are the limitations of Charles's Law?
A: It applies only to ideal gases at constant pressure. Real gases deviate from this behavior at high pressures or low temperatures.

Q3: How does this relate to hot air balloons?
A: Heating the air inside a balloon increases its volume (Charles's Law), making it less dense than the surrounding air, causing it to rise.

Q4: What's the difference between Charles's Law and Boyle's Law?
A: Charles's Law relates volume and temperature at constant pressure, while Boyle's Law relates volume and pressure at constant temperature.

Q5: Can I use Celsius instead of Kelvin?
A: No, you must convert Celsius to Kelvin first (K = °C + 273.15) as the relationship is only valid with absolute temperature.