1. What is the Daniel Orifice Formula?

The Daniel Orifice Formula calculates the diameter of an orifice required to achieve a specific flow rate given certain fluid properties and pressure conditions. It's commonly used in fluid mechanics and engineering applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Daniel Orifice formula:

Where:

• \( d \) — Orifice diameter (m)
• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( C \) — Discharge coefficient (dimensionless, typically 0.61 for sharp-edged orifices)
• \( \Delta P \) — Pressure drop across the orifice (Pa)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)

Explanation: The equation balances the flow rate with the pressure drop and fluid properties to determine the required orifice size.

3. Importance of Orifice Size Calculation

Details: Accurate orifice sizing is crucial for proper flow control in piping systems, ensuring correct pressure drops and preventing cavitation or excessive flow resistance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in m³/s, discharge coefficient (typically 0.61), pressure drop in Pascals, and fluid density in kg/m³. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical discharge coefficient value?
A: For sharp-edged orifices, C is typically about 0.61. The exact value depends on orifice geometry and Reynolds number.

Q2: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent SI units: m³/s for flow, Pa for pressure, kg/m³ for density. The result will be in meters.

Q3: When is this formula applicable?
A: For incompressible, steady, turbulent flow through thin-plate orifices in horizontal pipes.

Q4: What are the limitations of this formula?
A: Not suitable for compressible flows, very viscous fluids, or non-turbulent flow conditions.

Q5: How does viscosity affect the calculation?
A: Viscosity affects the discharge coefficient (C). For highly viscous fluids, C may need adjustment.