Electric Force Formula Calculator For Two

Coulomb's Law:

\[ F = k \cdot \frac{q_1 \cdot q_2}{r^2} \]

Electric Force (F):

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1. What is Coulomb's Law?

Coulomb's Law describes the electrostatic force between two charged particles. The force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Coulomb's Law:

\[ F = k \cdot \frac{q_1 \cdot q_2}{r^2} \]

Where:

\( F \) — Electric force (N)
\( k \) — Coulomb's constant (9×10⁹ N m²/C²)
\( q_1 \) — First charge (C)
\( q_2 \) — Second charge (C)
\( r \) — Distance between charges (m)

Explanation: The force is attractive if charges have opposite signs and repulsive if they have the same sign. The calculator gives the magnitude of the force.

3. Importance of Electric Force Calculation

Details: Understanding electric forces is fundamental in electromagnetism, atomic physics, and electrical engineering. It helps predict interactions between charged particles.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter charges in Coulombs (can be positive or negative), distance in meters. Distance must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is Coulomb's constant?
A: It's approximately 9×10⁹ N m²/C² and represents the proportionality constant in Coulomb's Law.

Q2: How does distance affect the force?
A: Force decreases with the square of the distance - doubling the distance reduces force to 1/4 of original.

Q3: What is the direction of the force?
A: Like charges repel, opposite charges attract. The calculator shows magnitude only.

Q4: What are typical charge values?
A: Elementary charge is ~1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C. Macroscopic objects might have microcoulombs (10⁻⁶ C) or more.

Q5: Is this valid for point charges only?
A: The formula is exact for point charges and good approximation for spherical charges with r much greater than their size.