Restriction Orifice Flow Calculator

Restriction Orifice Flow Equation:

\[ Q = C A \sqrt{\frac{2 \Delta P}{\rho (1 - \beta^4)}} \]

Discharge Coefficient (C):

Orifice Area (A):

m²

Pressure Drop (ΔP):

Density (ρ):

kg/m³

Diameter Ratio (β):

Flow Rate (Q):

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1. What is the Restriction Orifice Flow Equation?

The restriction orifice flow equation calculates the volumetric flow rate through an orifice plate based on the pressure drop across the orifice, fluid properties, and geometric characteristics of the orifice.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the restriction orifice flow equation:

\[ Q = C A \sqrt{\frac{2 \Delta P}{\rho (1 - \beta^4)}} \]

Where:

\( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
\( C \) — Discharge coefficient (dimensionless)
\( A \) — Orifice area (m²)
\( \Delta P \) — Pressure drop across orifice (Pa)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)
\( \beta \) — Diameter ratio (orifice diameter/pipe diameter)

Explanation: The equation accounts for the energy loss and flow contraction through the orifice, with the discharge coefficient correcting for real-world effects.

3. Importance of Flow Calculation

Details: Accurate flow calculation through restriction orifices is crucial for process control, flow measurement, pressure regulation, and safety systems in piping networks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all parameters with correct units. Typical discharge coefficients range from 0.6 to 0.9. The diameter ratio (β) must be between 0 and 1.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical discharge coefficient value?
A: For sharp-edged orifices, C is typically about 0.61. The exact value depends on orifice geometry and Reynolds number.

Q2: What happens if β approaches 1?
A: As β approaches 1, the denominator approaches 0, making the equation invalid. This is why β must be less than 1.

Q3: What fluids can this be used for?
A: The equation works for any incompressible fluid (liquids or gases at low Mach numbers).

Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Accuracy depends mainly on knowing the correct discharge coefficient, which may require experimental determination.

Q5: What are common applications?
A: Restriction orifices are used for flow control, pressure reduction, flow measurement, and preventing overpressure.